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A Complete Guide On Dizziness Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment

With inputs from Dr. Sreelekha Daruvuri, General Physician

Updated on: November 2023

With inputs from Dr. Sreelekha Daruvuri, General Physician

Updated on: November 2023

Reviewed by Dr Raja Indana

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Table of contents

Key Takeaway:
– Dizziness is a common health concern amongst Indians. You can get dizziness treatment done by addressing the symptoms and causes at home.
– Dizziness results in feeling lightheaded, pukish, nauseous and even disoriented. It also includes feeling as if the room and surroundings are spinning. You may tend to lose balance.
– Reasons for sudden dizziness and vertigo include viral infections, migraine, Anemia, heart disease, low blood pressure, ear infections, neurological condition, low blood sugar level and anxiety disorders.
– There are many treatments available and home remedies that you can apply like staying hydrated, eating almonds, adding honey to your food, acupuncture techniques and diverse medically practiced processes.
– Consult a medical professional immediately if you feel that the dizziness treatment is not working at home and it still is frequent, severe, prolonged or ongoing for unexplainable reasons.

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Chapter 1: Associated Symptoms of Dizziness

There are various dizziness treatment methods that you can implement. But first, you need to understand the associated symptoms of dizziness. Here are few of the common associated symptoms of dizziness:

Vertigo : In this associated symptom for sudden dizziness, a person experiences himself or the world around him spinning. It is often caused by an inner ear problem. The reasons for sudden dizziness or vertigo include spinning, swaying, tilting, being pulled towards one direction or being unbalanced, other than an inner ear infection
Lightheadedness : It is a reeling sensation, where one feels faintish. This may occur due to improper blood circulation in the brain. In rare cases, lightheadedness can be due to a thyroid related sickness.
Disequilibrium : It refers to imbalance, loss of equilibrium or unsteadiness which is usually accompanied by spatial disorientation. The disequilibrium feeling with the spinning sensation is commonly related to the inner ear, as our body’s balance is maintained by vision, muscle and joints and vestibular system.
Presyncope : It is when you feel you’re about to black out, but you don’t actually faint. It may even be referred to as near syncope. It makes you feel sweaty, lightheaded, nauseous, weak and warm or have a blurry vision. Situations that may trigger presyncope are dehydration, fear or anxiety, hunger, urinating (called post-micturition presyncope), eating and lifting something heavy.

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Chapter 2: What Are The Causes of Dizziness?

There are various reasons for dizziness, including motion sickness, inner ear disturbance or an underlying health condition.

Balance system depends on the combined input from the following:

Eyes
Inner ear
Sensory nerves around joints and muscles

Other reasons for dizziness are:

Infection. A viral infection of the vestibular nerve can cause constant and intense vertigo. Make sure to take regular measures from weather based illnesses.
Migraine. Migraine patients may have episodes of vertigo or other types of dizziness which can last from anywhere between two minutes to two hours even without a severe headache.
Meniere’s disease. This condition involves having excessive fluid in your inner ear. This may also lead to fluctuating hearing loss, the feeling of a plugged ear or a feeling ringing in the ear.
Drop in blood pressure. A sudden blood pressure drop may result in lightheadedness or feeling faintish. It can occur after sitting up or standing too quickly, known as orthostatic hypotension. It is better to get evaluated to rule out any cardiac related conditions.
Neurological conditions. A progressive loss of balance due to neurological disorders can lead to conditions like Parkinson’s disease.
Poor blood circulation. Cardiological conditions prompted by poor blood circulation cause dizziness.
Medications. Dizziness is a common side effect of certain medicinal drugs, like anti-seizure drugs and antidepressants pills.
Low iron levels (anemia). Anemic patients suffer from symptoms including fatigue, weakness and pale skin.
Anxiety disorders. Anxiety disorders may cause dizziness. These include panic attacks which may be due to fear of stepping out of one’s comfort zone.
Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia). Diabetic patients who use insulin are prone to dizziness (lightheadedness) which may be accompanied by sweating and anxiety. It’s best to get a blood sugar test done if you feel the symptoms are persistent.

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Chapter 3: Dizziness Treatment methods

Dizziness treatment or vertigo treatment at home usually doesn’t require any medical approach as the body usually adapts to it.

Although if the symptoms persist beyond a reasonable period of time your doctor may suggest the following to you :-

Medications

Water pills. In Meniere’s disease, doctors may suggest a water pill (diuretic) along with a low-salt diet which reduces the frequency of dizziness episodes.
Medications that relieve nausea and dizziness. Drugs to provide immediate relief from dizziness, vertigo and nausea, including prescription anticholinergics and antihistamines. You can take these medications as it is an easy vertigo treatment at home.
Anti-anxiety medications. Alprazolam and Diazepam are in a class of drugs called benzodiazepines to reduce the frequency of anxiety attacks and dizziness.
Preventives for migraine. A simple cure for dizziness includes having medicines prescribed by doctors that help prevent migraine attacks.

Therapy

Head position maneuvers/Epley maneuver. A technique called Epley maneuver, helps resolve vertigo efficiently. It is performed by an ENT specialist, an audiologist or a physical therapist which involves maneuvering the position of the head.
Balance therapy. Specific exercises help reduce the balance system to be highly sensitive to motion. It is also known as vestibular rehabilitation. Psychotherapy. Psycho therapy is an effective Dizziness treatment method for those who are easily triggered by anxiety disorders. Consult the top psychotherapist for effective dizziness treatment

Surgical or other procedures

Injections. Ear injections with the antibiotic gentamicin is a common treatment which damages the vestibular system and disables the balance function forcing the well functioning ear to take over.

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Chapter 4: What are the complications due to Dizziness?

Dizziness includes various health complications and it can actually be a sign of a more serious health problem. Dizziness may eventually result in loss of balance and frequent fainting. Sudden dizziness while driving can result in a fatal accident or similar serious injuries. Tackle these situations with caution. You can stop the car while driving or take a quick break if working. Be in a safe place and steady yourself before making any further steps. In case you lose balance and fall down, it may result in a brain injury or a concussion too! Make sure to consult an expert and do not take these complications lightly.

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Chapter 5: When should you consult a doctor for dizziness treatment?

At Mfine, we recommend seeing a general physician if you feel that the sudden dizziness experiences turn out to be frequent, severe, prolonged or for unexplainable reasons. We suggest availing expert medical help in order to prevent any more reasons for sudden dizziness. You can consult a doctor when:

Stumbling or difficulty walking
Ongoing vomiting
Seizures
Breathing issue pertains
Paralysis or numbness of arms or legs
Feel like fainting
Pain in chest
Blurry vision
Irregular heartbeat
Slurred speech
Hearing problems
Facial numbness or weakness

If any of the above symptoms pertains for a prolonged period, occurs suddenly for short spans or causes a lot of discomfort then it is time for you the get dizziness treatment done by a medical professional so that you can find the root cause of these problems and avoid complications

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References

Q. How long should dizziness last?

Ans: Generally, dizziness lasts around a few seconds or minutes. Episodes of dizziness vary from individual to individual. It may last for a handful of seconds, a few minutes, long hours or in extreme cases for days! Please note that dizziness treatment is available by simple measures and it is not a disease or syndrome that has no answer.

Q. What are some easy to do home remedies for dizziness?

Ans: Vertigo treatment at home include:
Ginkgo biloba(chinese herb), drink ginger tea, Eat handful of almonds, Daily stay hydrated (8-10 cups of liquid daily), drink a mix of Apple cider vinegar and honey, and Acupressure (stimulate pressure points throughout the body) can be done. Follow these simple home remedies for dizziness. Contact your doctor if these instances are persistent.

Q. Can low iron cause sudden dizziness?

Ans: Yes, low iron can cause dizziness. A common reason for dizziness is low iron leading to Anemia which can also cause fatigue, feeling cold in arms and legs. Dizziness treatment can include increasing iron levels. Try eating red meat, pork, poultry, seafood, green leafy vegetables, dried fruits, peas, iron fortified cereals, breads and pastas.

Q. Is there an instant cure for dizziness?

Ans: Follow these steps for instant cure for dizziness:
Lie down on the floor with your eyes closed, perform acupuncture, avoid sudden changes in positions, stay hydrated and drink plenty of water, reduce stress and meditate, get 7-8 hours of sleep daily and avoid tobacco intake.

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