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Last Updated on 17th January 2022

Tpha is one of the most important diagnostic tests used in detection of antibodies in the serum sample of an individual usually suspected of suffering from syphilis. Treponema pallidum is the bacteria that causes syphilis. Management of syphilis is based on the stage of the infection. It is usually hard to identify its earliest symptom, which is a little painless sore called a chancre. However, it is very important to diagnose syphilis at an early stage.

What is Tpha test used for?How can you book a Tpha test on MFine?Procedure for the Tpha test How can you prepare for the Tpha test?What types of infection can the Tpha test detect?How much does the Tpha test cost?What do abnormal Tpha test results indicate?Is Tpha test a definitive test?Why book the Tpha test?Frequently Asked Questions

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What is Tpha test used for?

The bacterium, Treponema pallidum, causes syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease (STD). The disease can be transmitted by a syphilitic sore (chancre). Syphilis is curable with medications, but it can cause serious health issues and even death, if left untreated. The illness is divided into four stages — primary, secondary, latent, and tertiary.

The Tpha test is used to diagnose syphilis infection at any stage of the disease. It helps in the screening of persons with signs of the sexually transmitted illness.

How can you book a Tpha test on MFine?

When you book your tests using MFine, a lab technician is assigned to you who will visit your place for sample collection. The Tpha test booked using MFine saves your time and effort in visiting a medical lab and waiting for the procedure to begin. You can select a time slot in your hectic schedule for our lab technician to come to your residence and collect the sample.The Tpha test is a sensitive haemagglutination test designed particularly to detect Treponema pallidum antibodies(IgM and IgG). The Tpha test includes everything, from collecting the sample to submitting the result.

Procedure for the Tpha test

Our lab technician will visit your residence at the time you choose. The needle is inserted into a vein in your arm to extract a sample for the test. The required amount of blood is taken into a vial. The lab technician then removes the needle and places cotton wool or a bandage over the prick spot. This blood sample will be collected by our lab technician and sent to the lab for further investigation. The Tpha test procedure is carried out in the lab utilizing a test card with three wells. The results of the Tpha test should be available between 24 and 48 hours after the sample is collected.

Book a Tpha test to check your Tpha level!

How can you prepare for the Tpha test?

The Tpha test is done the same way as any other normal blood test. It does not require any additional preparation before the test. All one needs to do is go to the MFine app and schedule an appointment with the lab. There is no need for fasting before the sample collection. During the consultation with the physician, one should always discuss the medications he/she is taking.

Things to consider after Tpha test is complete

The following points need to be considered once the Tpha test is complete:

Wear your bandage or apply pressure with cotton for the specified period (unless you experience skin irritation at the pricked area).
Avoid strenuous activities and exercises that may boost blood flow and produce bleeding.
Consume iron-rich meals such as leafy green vegetables and iron-fortified cereals.
If you feel stiffness or bruising at the puncture site, use an ice pack wrapped in a towel on your arm or hand.

If you show symptoms that are worrisome, call and consult the doctor or contact the support team.

What types of infection can the Tpha test detect?

The Tpha test aids in the detection of syphilis, a sexually transmitted infection caused by Treponema pallidum bacterium. It also helps in monitoring the treatment of those already diagnosed with syphilis.

Syphilis progresses via numerous stages:

The primary stage of syphilis appears after 2-3 weeks of infection and is characterized by one or more painless chancres. It may go undetected since it is painless. Primary syphilis can proceed to secondary syphilis 6 weeks to 6 months after the chancre emerges if the infected individual is not treated. Its symptoms include non-itchy skin rash, fever, weariness, enlarged lymph nodes, sore throat, and body pains as symptoms. If untreated, secondary syphilis can proceed to the late or tertiary stage. The bacteria can harm the heart, eyes, brain, central nervous system (Neurosyphilis), bones, joints, and nearly every other organ in the body.

*How much does the Tpha test cost?

The cost of the Tpha test depends on various factors. The average price of a Tpha test ranges from Rs 250 to Rs 1580. The average cost of Tpha comes approximately at Rs 915. The cost of the Tpha test varies on the basis of factors such as the city, quality, preferred lab partner, and types of services provided by the lab partner.

*Disclaimer: The value varies based on location, time, and your preferred lab partner.

How long does it take to get the results for the Tpha test?

Once the sample is collected by our lab technician and submitted for testing, you can expect to get the results for the Tpha test within 24 to 48 hours after the sample is collected. However, in certain cases, depending on the location, medical advice and preferred lab partner, it may take longer.

What do abnormal Tpha test results indicate?

A negative test result indicates that antibodies against the syphilis infection are not present, suggesting that the patient is not infected with syphilis. A positive test result indicates that antibodies against Treponema pallidum are present, suggesting that the patient is infected with syphilis. In some situations, however, false positive and false negative test findings might occur. All test reports must be presented to a doctor to correlate this clinically.

Disclaimer: Please consult with your doctor for interpreting the test reports.

Is Tpha test a definitive test?

Syphilis is a parasitic infection caused by the Spirochaete treponema pallidum. The Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) and rapid plasma reagin (RPR) tests, both reaginic assays, are the most extensively used traditional screening tests for syphilis. As previously stated, there are two conventional screening procedures and two alternate confirmatory tests for syphilis, i.e., Tpha and EIA. As per recent research, here is the sensitivity and specificity of all the diagnostic tests for syphilis:

VDRL (sensitivity = 86%, specificity = 85%)
RPR (sensitivity = 78%, specificity = 85%)
Tpha (sensitivity >95%, specificity >99%)
Automated EIA (sensitivity >95%, specificity >99%).

In clinical practice, the Tpha test, in conjunction with the VDRL reaction, is beneficial for serological screening. It can also be used to make a diagnosis in individuals who have a questionable clinical history, symptoms or serological data. It also lowers the number of false-positive responses.

How to read the Tpha test report

Agglutination intensity can be used to interpret the Tpha test results. A positive Tpha lab test findings might be interpreted as follows:

It is 4+, if the cells create a homogeneous mat that covers the whole well.
It is 3+, if a homogeneous mat of cells covers the majority of the well.
it is 2+, if a mat of lower density is surrounded by a small ring (+2).
The mat’s intensity lowers and is encircled by a denser ring with a noticeably open center.

The result can be interpreted as Tpha negative if there is a little clear center and the cells have settled to a compact bottom. There is no need for further research if the Tpha test results are negative or fall within the usual range.

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Why book the Tpha test?

The goal of syphilis testing is to determine whether you have a syphilis infection. Syphilis tests may be ordered for screening, diagnostic or monitoring purposes:

Screening for syphilis is the process of checking for the infection in persons who have no signs or symptoms of syphilis.
Diagnostic testing is usually advised in a patient who experiences signs and symptoms suggestive of a syphilis infection.
Monitoring following syphilis therapy is necessary to ensure that patients comply with the treatment regimen.

Tpha test at home – how does it work?

The Tpha test is just like any other blood test. A lab technician visits your home when you book your tests through the MFine app. The lab technician first cleans the arm and then inserts a syringe into a vein. The required amount of blood is then taken into a vial. The lab technician then removes the needle and places cotton wool or a bandage over the prick.

Are there any risks involved with the Tpha test?

The test is completely risk-free. The most common risks posed by blood testing include discomfort and bruising at the location where the needle is inserted. These issues are generally minimal and disappear immediately after the tests are completed.

Also, because of the needle prick to get a blood sample, a person may have increased bleeding, hematoma development (collection of blood beneath the skin), bruising or inflammation at the site of needle penetration in extremely rare circumstances.

What can affect the results for Tpha?

There are a few instances that can affect the results of the Tpha test leading to false-negative or false-positive results. False-negative results are possible in persons with early and late-stage syphilis. As a result, additional tests are necessary to correctly identify syphilis. Similarly, false-positive findings indicate that there is no syphilis present. Although very sensitive, the Tpha test is not too specific for syphilis since it does not distinguish between other treponemal antibodies and syphilis. Infectious mononucleosis, leprosy, and connective tissue diseases can all result in a false-positive Tpha.

Book a Tpha test to check your Tpha level!

Our Trusted Lab Partners for Treponema Pallidum Haemagglutination Antibodies Test

MFine Diagnostics

Starting at

₹600

Wellness Pathcare

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₹600

Thyrocare

Starting at

₹600

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Frequently Asked Questions | FAQs

Is the lab technician coming for Tpha sample collection vaccinated?

Yes. Our lab technicians are fully vaccinated. Further, they also ensure safety by wearing a mask, gloves, and frequently sanitizing themselves during the sample collection.

Does MFine provide the interpretation for the results along with the reports?

Yes, MFine provides the interpretation for the result along with the reports. You can also avail of a free medical consultation with a doctor to understand your reports accurately. The doctor will also advise and prescribe medicines, if required, based on the results.

How can I download my Tpha test report?

Log in to MFine
Go to your profile
Click on Attachment and Reports
Click on Lab Report
Download the report

Are there any discount offers running on the Tpha test?

Usually you can avail up to 50% discount on Tpha through MFine. However, the discount and test price may vary based on lab partner and location.

What are the different tests that are used in the detection of syphilis?

The following are the types of tests that may be used to diagnose syphilis:

There are two types of syphilis tests:

Nontreponemal antibody tests
Treponemal antibody tests

Any of these two types of tests can be used for syphilis screening, but they must be followed by a second test that employs a different approach to confirming a positive result and identifying active syphilis. RPR (Rapid Plasma Reagin) and VDRL (Venereal Disease Research Laboratory) tests are examples of nontreponemal assays. FTA-ABS and Tpha are two treponemal antibody assays.

Why is it sometimes recommended to take another test in addition to the Tpha test?

The Tpha test is a screening test done to check the presence of antibodies. Once infected, these antibodies persist in the blood for the rest of the person’s life. Nontreponemal antibodies, on the other hand, normally disappear after around 3 years in a well-treated person. As a result, a positive treponemal screening result must be followed by a nontreponemal test (such as RPR) to distinguish between a current infection (or reinfection) and one that happened before and was effectively treated.

What are some of the additional tests that may be performed to detect syphilis?

Other tests that can be utilized in the diagnosis of syphilis include:

Direct detection of pathogens – These tests are becoming less prevalent. When a potential syphilis sore (chancre) is evident in the early phases of syphilis, dark field microscopy may be employed. It entails scraping the sore, putting it on a slide, and studying it using a dark-field microscope, which is a specialized device.
Molecular testing (polymerase chain reaction, PCR): This test detects genetic material from microorganisms in a sample taken from a sore, blood or CSF.

What are some of the conditions that might lead to false-positive nontreponemal test results?

A false positive result on a nontreponemal test can be caused by a number of situations, which implies that the test result is positive despite the fact that the patient does not have syphilis. IV drug usage, HIV/AIDS, hepatitis B, Lyme disease, some forms of pneumonia, malaria, and autoimmune illnesses are among these ailments.

When should a person get tested for syphilis?

Adults who do not have symptoms should be evaluated for syphilis only if they are at a high risk of infection or spreading the virus to others. The following factors enhance a person’s risk of getting syphilis and highlight the necessity for yearly screening:

Being male and under the age of 29
Having a history of incarceration
Being involved in commercial sex work
Living in a syphilis-infected region
Pregnancy

Disclaimer: The content is uniquely informative and is meant for educational use. Kindly use the content only in consultation with an appropriate certified or registered healthcare provider.