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How to Avail Widal Test in Mumbai?
What is the Widal Test used for?
Widal test is one of the diagnostic tests used for making a presumptive diagnosis of enteric fever/typhoid fever. Especially in developing countries or in countries where enteric fever is endemic or if resources are lacking Widal test is used as it is simple, easy to perform and less expensive. It is considered a reliable test in places where resources to perform culture tests are limited.
Widal test is used to diagnose both typhoid and paratyphoid fevers caused by Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi respectively.
What is included in a Widal Test?
The Widal test aids in the diagnosis of typhoid fever. This test utilises a suspension of killed Salmonella typhi as antigen and detects the presence of antibodies against S. Typhi in serum of patients who present with suspected febrile illness. Salmonella Typhi has two antigens – O and H. Antibodies against O are usually detected 6-8 days after onset of fever and antibodies against H antigen are usually detected 10-12 days after onset of fever. A positive result is indicated by demonstration of a four-fold or more increase in antibody titre in serum samples taken 7-10 days apart during acute and convalescent phases of infection respectively.
What is the Widal Test Procedure?
Widal test can be done in 3 ways:
- Slide test
- Semi-Quantitative Method
- Standard Tube test Method.
How to prepare for the Widal Test?
Before test | During test |
It is not mandatory to fast for 8-10 hours before the test. | There might be slight pain and bruising on the arm from where the blood is collected. However, these symptoms will go away quickly. |
Things to consider after the Widal Test is completed
Widal test is widely used as it is easy to perform and affordable. But false-positive results can be expected in certain situations like those who had past typhoid infection or vaccinated against typhoid. False-negative results can be seen in the early stages of illness. Hence, if the titres are found to be significantly rising by 4-fold on two occasions then the positive diagnosis of typhoid is concluded. In case if titres are not significant or inconclusive additional tests like Typhidot or blood/stool/urine/bone marrow culture are ordered by the doctors based on the symptoms.
What type of infections can a Widal Test detect?
Widal test aids in the diagnosis of both Typhoid and Paratyphoid fever caused by Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi respectively. But False-positive results are seen in certain cases like Typhus, Acute Malaria, Rheumatoid arthritis, chronic liver disease etc. Also, False-negative results are seen in the early stages of infection. Hence negative test result does not necessarily rule out the absence of infection and repeat tests might be needed to check for rising titres.
How long does it take to get Widal Test results?
Once the test samples are collected, it is sent to the lab of your choice for further testing. After the testing is completed, the Widal test results will be available on the app for downloading within the next 24-48 hours.
Is the Widal Test a definitive test?
No. As Widal test results can be either false negative in the early stages of infection or false positive for various reasons, a single test cannot be used as a definitive test. Only rising antibody titres of 4-fold or more between two widal tests done 7-10 days apart is diagnostic. Blood or bone marrow culture are considered definitive diagnostic tests for typhoid fever.
How to read the Widal test Blood test report?
A single positive Widal test is not considered diagnostic. A serum sample that shows an antibody titre of more than 1:80 for “O” and more than 1:160 for “H” antigen is considered as significant and suggestive of typhoid fever. But a single Widal test is not reliable as baseline titres in the labs can differ in different places. Hence a 4-fold or more rise in titres between samples taken 7-10 days apart is considered to be definitive evidence of typhoid infection.
Where to get the Widal Test done?
You can avail Widal test through MFine. All our lab partners are NABL (National Accreditation Board of Testing and Calibration of Laboratories) accredited labs. Thyrocare, Prima Diagnostics, Neuberg, Healthians are to name a few of our top lab partners. Most of our lab partners have the state of the art infrastructure facilities.
What affects the Widal Test results?
The Widal test has significant limitations in its specificity, sensitivity and reliability. The test results change with the course of infection.
A false-negative Widal test is more likely in the initial stages of infection or seen in cases where antibody responses in the body are diminished by early microbial treatment or in cases of typhoid relapse. Severe hypoproteinemia can cause decreased titres of antibodies against O and H antigens leading to false-negative results.
A False positive Widal test is seen in cases of the previous infection of typhoid or previous vaccination against typhoid. Widal test shows cross-reactivity with other species of Salmonella bacteria. False-positive results are also seen in cases of Acute Falciparum Malaria (especially in children), Rheumatoid Arthritis, Nephrotic syndrome, Chronic liver disease with low globulin levels.
Widal test needs a reference baseline titres from a healthy local population and this differs from time to time and place to place making it difficult to have a standard cutoff level.
Why Book Widal Test in Mumbai?
- To diagnose typhoid fever
- To diagnose the paratyphoid fever
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Are there any Precautionary Requisites for this Test?
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Frequently Asked Questions - FAQs
What is the Widal test?
This is a blood test that is done to determine typhoid and paratyphoid fever which is caused by a bacteria known as Salmonella enterica. This fever occurs when a person consumes contaminated food or water.
Who should get this test done?
Men and women of all age groups who suspect they have typhoid fever can get this test done.
What are the signs of typhoid or paratyphoid?
Fever, headache, body pain, fatigue, loss of appetite, and diarrhoea are the signs of typhoid or paratyphoid fever.
What methods are used for conducting this test?
There are two methods that are used for conducting this test and they are:
- Tube agglutination: The test is conducted using a test tube
- Slide agglutination: The test is conducted on a slide
Can this test be availed at home?
Yes, it is possible to avail the test at home. An experienced lab technician will arrive at your doorstep to collect the blood sample. Also, the test reports will be available on the MFine app.
Which are the certified lab partners of MFine?
MFine is partners with certified labs across India. A few of our certified lab partners across various cities are Thyrocare, Prima Diagnostics, Neuberg, Healthians, RapidX, Healthwell, Accuprobe, Orange Health, 5th Vital, Bioline, Pragathi Diagnostics, and many more. All our lab partners are accredited and they use the latest technology to provide quality service within the stipulated time.
Are your lab partners accredited?
Yes, all our lab partners are NABL (National Accreditation Board of Testing and Calibration of Laboratories) accredited labs. Most of our lab partners have the state of the art infrastructure facilities.
Is it possible to book the test for my parents staying in a different city?
Yes, it is possible to book the test for yourself or your parents staying in a different city where MFine’s at-home lab services are available. You can check the availability of services by adding the pin code on the MFine app.
Is the test available in Powai, Mumbai?
Yes, the test is available in Powai, Mumbai. You can check the availability of the test in your area by adding the pincode.